Voluntary bankruptcy is a type of bankruptcy where an insolvent debtor brings the petition to a court to declare bankruptcy because they can’t pay off debts. 

Realized yield is the real return gained during the holding period for an investment. It includes dividends, interest payments, and so on.

The ratchet effect is a theory that once prices rise as an answer to a very high demand, they do not necessarily fall when that demand declines.

A tick size is the minimum movement of the price of a trading instrument.

Theory of price is an economic theory where the price for any goods or services is based on the relations between supply and demand.

A hara-kiri swap is an interest rate or cross-currency swap that is lacking profit potential for the originator. 

Halloween strategy, is a market-timing strategy based on the theory that stocks perform better between Oct. 31 and May 1 than they do through the rest of the year.

Indirect quote is a currency quotation in foreign exchange market that expresses the variable amount of foreign currency needed to purchase or sell off fixed units of domestic currency.

International finance is a section of financial economics dealing with monetary interactions occuring between two or more countries. 

Dove is an economic policy advisor who promotes low interest rates monetary policies.