Stock split is an actions where a corporation splits its existing shares in several. The most popular splits are 2 for 1 or 3 for 1. That means that for one exiting share the shareholders now have 2 or 3 shares. with that the value of shares doesn’t change in the process of splitting.

Stop hunting is a process of driving the market to the point where a lot of traders are forced to set stop-loss orders. This usually leads to high volatility and creates environment for traders who seek it.

Shortfall is a difference between a financial obligation and the amount of cash available. It can be both – temporary and constant. Constant shortfall is usually a sign of a poor money management or assets management when we are talking about a company.

Simply put, silver standard is a monetary arrangement where national currency can be converted into a certain amount of silver. With this system exchange rate is basically the difference between the amount of silver behind each of the currency. It was popular pre-20^th century.

Support level is a term that defines the price level of the asset that the asset doesn’t fall lower than. When this level is reached by the asset traders need to BUY it.

Sour crude oil is the oil which contains high amount of sulfur. Its main difference from the sweet crude oil is the fact that it has to be worked through before it can be used. Therefore, products that come from the sour crude oil are going to be more expensive than the products coming from sweet crude oil.

Sweet crude oil is type of a commodity. Its main characteristic and the source of its name is a low sulfur content per barrel of the oil – less than 0.42 percent. Everything that is higher is called sour crude oil.

Spot trade is an instant purchase of any of the financial instruments – currencies, commodities or shares. The majority of the spot contracts include a physical delivery of the instrument to the trader who purchased them. The difference in value of the spot and futures of the instrument is counted via the time value of the payment which is based on interest rates and time maturity.

Spread is the space between buy and sell. It is the margin of profit for a any exchange company online or in your exchange arround the corner. 

Example for spread: 

Eur/usd 

Buy is 1.1516

rate: 1.1514

Sell is 1.1512

Your buying or selling spread is 2 pips

In currencies, this is the abbreviation for the Singapore Dollar.